Green Innovation and Sustainable HRM: A Conceptual Framework and Systematic Review of Drivers, Linkages, and Organisational Outcomes

Abstract

Growing environmental pressures, such as limited resources, have pushed organisations to rethink how they operate and raised concerns about their long-term viability. The responsibility towards the environment has compelled organisations to embrace green innovation and more sustainable approaches to manage people. This paper examines what drives green innovation in the first place, and then traces how those innovations shape the way organisations build and sustain their HR practices. This study explores the relationship between green innovation and sustainable HRM through a conceptual framework. Green innovation encompasses new technologies, products, and processes aimed at reducing environmental impact, while sustainable HRM focuses on aligning human resource practices with corporate sustainability goals. Despite growing scholarly interest in both areas, there is a lack of a comprehensive framework that linked them together. This research directly addresses this gap.  Built on resource-based view (RBV), corporate social responsibility (CSR), and dynamic capability theory, the framework draws on a systematic review of 65 Scopus-sourced papers, selected through rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings confirm that green innovation significantly shapes sustainable HRM practices.  This paper aims to enhance understanding of how companies can use green innovation and sustainable HRM to achieve both organisational and environmental goals in order to gain a sustainable competitive advantage.