Balancing Growth And Sustainability: Energy Security In The Indian Context

Abstract

Abstract:  Energy security for India is related to economic growth, environmental sustainability, and global leadership objectives.  India is the third-largest energy consumer in the world. The nation is expected to meet its increasing energy demands. India must drastically cut down its reliance on imports of fossil fuels. For example, the nation depends on the import of crude oil and natural gas. This paper examines India's energy security from various perspectives, including its energy mix, programs, infrastructure bottlenecks, and engagements with other countries. The paper, using definitions provided by the International Energy Agency (IEA), emphasizes the short-term and long-term aspects of energy security relevant to India. The country's primary energy consumption is still dominated by coal and oil, which is detrimental to the environment and damaging to the economy. India’s energy scenario is impacted by factors such as energy poverty, sub-optimal infrastructure, and exorbitant prices of global fuels. To tackle these problems, India has taken various flagship initiatives, including the National Energy Policy, Ujjwala Yojana, the FAME India Scheme, and the National Hydrogen Mission, as well as announcing ambitious climate targets, such as reaching 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2070. The report emphasizes the importance of diversifying, producing domestically, innovating, building infrastructure, and engaging in international diplomacy to ensure a resilient and inclusive energy strategy. With the help of sound policies, strategic investment, and international cooperation, India can create a sustainable energy future to power its growth.