Regulating AI in India: A Comparative Analysis with International Standards

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a transformative impact worldwide, and India is not an exception to the global transformation brought about by artificial intelligence (AI). India is witnessing a rapid growth in the adoption of artificial intelligence in different sectors like healthcare, agriculture, finance, education etc. While AI creates many opportunities for innovation and growth, it also poses complex legal and ethical challenges that require urgent attention. AI’s growing adoption across sectors like healthcare, finance, and education leads to issues such as data privacy breaches, algorithmic bias, and unclear accountability for AI-driven decisions, which can disrupt industries and society. India currently lacks a comprehensive legal framework to regulate AI technologies effectively. The absence of a comprehensive legal framework for AI in India creates uncertainty and risks for businesses, individuals and government, and the existing laws, such as the Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act), do not comprehensively address AI-specific concerns. This paper explores the need for specific artificial intelligence law in India to protect citizens' privacy and rights creating an environment suitable for responsible innovation and development. It highlights the key challenges posed by AI, such as the risk of data misuse, the ethical implications of biased algorithms, and the complexity of assigning accountability for AI-driven decisions. This paper highlights these challenges and explores how international legal frameworks can guide India in developing responsible, fair, and effective AI regulation. By addressing the gaps in the current legal system, India can ensure that AI contributes positively to society, promotes fairness, and prevents potential harm.