Changing Family Dynamics and Elderly Care: A Qualitative Study of Intergenerational Relationships in Kerala

Abstract

This study explores the impact of changing family dynamics on elder care in Kerala, India, with a focus on intergenerational relationships and caregiving challenges. As Kerala undergoes significant demographic and socio-economic transformations, traditional joint family systems are increasingly being replaced by nuclear families, affecting the availability and nature of elder care. This qualitative research utilized in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 30 participants, including 15 elderly individuals and 15 caregivers, to capture their experiences and perspectives on caregiving within the current socio-cultural context. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes such as emotional and physical care needs, financial strain, the use of technology, and the impact of migration on caregiving. Findings reveal that while caregivers strive to maintain familial caregiving roles, they face significant emotional and financial burdens, compounded by limited formal support systems. The study also highlights the potential of technology to support elder care and the importance of culturally relevant elder care services. The research underscores the need for targeted policy interventions, community support, and enhanced access to healthcare and financial resources to address the challenges faced by Kerala’s aging population. These findings provide valuable insights for developing effective elder care policies that are responsive to the unique socio-cultural and economic context of Kerala.